Mufti Clarifies the Law on Six Fasts & Simultaneous Fasting
After fasting for a month, now is the time to celebrate the victory with relatives.
Cakes and various traditional holiday dishes were served to the guests’ feast. Lemang and rendang are game animals, as is lontong which is eaten with lodeh sauce.
Even though we are happy, quite a few of us have started fasting by fulfilling the sunnah practice of fasting six times in the month of Shawwal, while the momentum of ‘fasting’ is still fresh.
However, the circumcision service which can only be carried out for a short time raises the question, can the sixth fast be carried out at the same time as an alternative fast?
To answer these questions, follow the detailed explanation from the Office of the Mufti of the Federal Territories below.
Explanation of the Six Intentions of Fasting and Alternative Fasting at the Same Time
Alhamdulillah, all praise to Allah Taala, peace and blessings be upon the great lord Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, his family ﷺ, his companions ﷺ and those who follow in his footsteps ﷺ.
Word of Allah SWT:
O you who believe, fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, so that you may become pious people.
It means: O you who believe! You must fast as it was obligatory for those before you, so that you may become pious people.
(Surah al-Baqarah:183)
Breaking the fast in the month of Ramadan without any reason
Whoever breaks the fast in the month of Ramadan without any reason, is obliged to break the fast immediately after the end of Ramadan and after the completion of the first Eid al-Fitr.
A person may not fast on the sixth circumcision in the month of Shawwal and then continue with the qadha fast.
Meanwhile, if he does not fast in the month of Ramadan for a reason (which is permitted by syaraq), then it is obligatory for him to prioritize the six months of fasting in the month of Shawwal over the qadha fast because the qada in the qadha fast is muwassa` (wide).
Imam as-Sheikh Daud bin Abdullah al-Fathani Rahimahullah Taala said: “(Similarly) whoever does not fast for the reason of circumcision then he fasts for six days of circumcision in the month of Shawwal, but the person who breaks the fast of Ramadan without a reason, it is obligatory for him to hasten the Qada of Ramadhan because it is makruh to perform circumcision for a person whose Qada of Ramadhan is without reason, so it is also obligatory for him to hasten the Qada first.” (See the Book of Bughyah at-Tullab, p. 128)
The Problem of Combining Two Worships With One Intention
This problem is known by scholars as the problem of tasyrik (combining two acts of worship with one intention). The law is:
If it is included in wasilah or mixed things then the law is valid. What does he expect from these two services?
For example, someone bathes their junub on Friday to perform Friday and remove their junub. In fact, the junub is lifted and the reward of Friday bathing is achieved.
Even if one of the two acts of worship is not intended, while the other is intended in essence, then the combination or combination is valid and does not harm the practice of worship, for example the mosque tahiyyah prayer is performed simultaneously with the obligatory prayer or other circumcision prayers.
As for bringing together or combining two acts of worship that are intended in essence, such as fasting for qadha or kaffarah, or nazar along with circumcision fasts such as the 6-day circumcision fast in the month of Shawwal, then the tasyrik is invalid in the final opinion because each worship is separate from other acts of worship that are intended in essence and is not included in other worship.
The question is, are fasting with the intention of qadha in the month of Ramadan and the intention to fast for the 6 months of Shawwal combined both valid? Or is only one valid? If done ethically (generally) will both work or just one?
Combine the intention of fasting Qadha Ramadhan and fasting 6 Shawwal
Legal experts from the Syafie School differ in their opinions regarding the issue of combining intentions between the qadha fast of Ramadhan and the six-day circumcision fast in the month of Shawwal.
Shaykhul Islam Zakaria al-Anshari Rahimahullah Taala: “If someone fasts in the month of Shawwal because of the qadha fasting of Ramadan, or apart from that, whether it is a votive fast or other circumcision fasts, then the reward of circumcision will be the result of the month of Shawwal only. Especially people who skip fasting Ramadan because it is not appropriate for them to fast Ramadan then fast 6 days in the month of Shawwal” (Referring to the Book of Syarqawi ‘ala al-Tahrir)
Imam Ramli Rahimahullahu Taala said that he was once asked about fasting in Ramadan and qadha in the month of Shawwal, is qadha fasting in Ramadan successful and the rewards for fasting 6 days in the month of Shawwal, are there any quotes on this issue?
Imam Ramli Rahimahullah Taala answered: “That his Ramadhan qadha fast was successful even though he combined the intention of his Ramadhan qadha fast with other fasts. And the reward for fasting 6 days in the month of Shawwal was successful. This problem was mentioned a lot by later scholars (mutaakhirin). (See Imam Ramli’s Fatawa, 2/339)
Imam Ibn Hajar Al-Haitami radhiyallahu ‘anhu and gave him peace, regarding someone who intends to fast for circumcision at the same time as the obligatory fast: “If he intensifies both (the circumcision fast and the central obligatory fast), then he gets the reward of both, or if he desires one of them, then the other requirement falls and he does not get the reward.” (See Al-Fatwa Al-Kubra Book, 2/75)
Some scholars say that it is valid for someone to perform qadha fasting in the month of Ramadan at the same time as the six circumcision fasts of Shawwal and the result is the reward for the circumcision fast carried out in the month of Shawwal.
This is because it is likened to someone who enters a mosque and then prays the obligatory 2 rak’ah prayers or the circumcision circumcision prayer (accompanying the obligatory prayer), then he gets the reward for the Tahiyyatul mosque circumcision prayer because he performs the prayer in question before he sits down.
Imam Sulaiman al-Bujairimi Rahimahullahu Taala said: “The reward of the Tahiyyatul Mosque prayer is obtained by performing the obligatory prayers or other circumcisions, whether the Tahiyyatul Mosque prayer was intentional or not.
This is based on a hadith that was narrated by Imam Bukhari and Muslim: “When one of you enters the mosque, he should pray two rak’ahs before sitting down” and therefore the meaning of praying before sitting mentioned in the hadith is achieved by performing fardhu prayers or other circumcision prayers. (See the Book of Hasyiah al-Bujairimi 1/280)
Likewise, an almost similar text was said by Islamic Sheikh Zakaria Al-Ansori Rahimahullah Taala: The result of a circumcision prayer of two rak’ahs or more (what is meant is the result of the prayer even though it is accompanied by obligatory prayers or other circumcision prayers) whether intentional once or not.
This is based on the hadith of Imam Bukhari and Imam Muslim Rahimahumahullahu Taala “If one of you enters the mosque, he should not sit down until he has prayed two rak’ahs.” And because of that, the meaning of praying before sitting mentioned in the hadith has been achieved by performing fardhu prayers or other circumcision prayers (See the Book of Fathul Wahab Syarah Manhajul Tullab 1/67)
Imam ar-Ramli Rahimahullah Taala has said: “And if he fasts in the month of Shawwal, fasts qadha, nazar or other than both or something similar to that, for example fasting on the day of Ashura, then he has received the reward of circumcision fasting for him, as did his father (Imam ar-Ramli’s father), as well as al-Barizi, al-Asfahuni, A-Nasyizi, al-Faqih Ali Soleh al-Hadrami and others but did not get the perfect reward for what they asked for.” These are the rules for fasting in Ramadan with the six Shawwal circumcision fasts. (See the book Nihayah al-Muhtaaj, 3/208-209)
Imam as-Suyuti Rahimahullah Taala said: “If someone fasts for circumcision, for example on the day of Arafah, qadha or nazar or kafarat, and his intention to fast coincides with his intention to fast for circumcision on the day of Arafah, then al-Barizi has given a fatwa that his fast is valid and produces rewards for both. tahiyyah prayer in the mosque.” (See Ashbah Wan Nazoir’s book, p. 61)
In Syarah al-Tanbih written by al-Hafiz al-Suyuti Rahimahullah Taala, from the fatwa of al-Baarizi Rahimahullah Taala, he said: If someone fasts for circumcision, for example on the day of Arafah, then the qadha or nazar or forgiveness for sins, and the intention of fasting coincides with the intention of fasting circumcision on the day of Arafah, both are valid (both are valid), as well as if he is ithlaq (only I am fasting). However, al-Isnawi said this was rejected and the qiyas carried out was invalid in explaining the division of either of the two. Meanwhile, for him, what is produced is only fardhu according to the description of ithlaq.”
However, it should be noted that the reward for fasting for six Shawwal circumcisions when combined with the obligatory fasting is only a mere reward for circumcision and not a perfect reward.
Conclusion
In conclusion, according to the final opinion, a person’s afdhal makes the Qadha fast separate from the fast of the 6 months of Shawwal.
Nevertheless, combining qadha fasting with six fasts is still obligatory and getting the rewards of both according to the weak opinion.
However, speeding up the qadha of fasting is a commendable attitude and is required by Sharaq, especially for those who leave fasting without a reason permitted by Sharaq.
May we be among the pious people.
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